在 CentOS 安装 MySQL

注意

本文档仅供参考,不适用于正式环境部署,正式环境建议使用专业的MySQL服务(比如腾讯云的MySQL产品open in new window

环境

CentOS 7.3 版本

安装 mysql yum源

wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

安装成功后,查看MySQL版本:

yum repolist all | grep mysql

输出结果:

mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64   MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community    禁用
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source   MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community -  禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64   MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community    禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source   MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community -  禁用
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64   MySQL Connectors Community     启用:    221
mysql-connectors-community-source    MySQL Connectors Community - S 禁用
!mysql-tools-community/x86_64        MySQL Tools Community          启用:    135
mysql-tools-community-source         MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64           MySQL Tools Preview            禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source           MySQL Tools Preview - Source   禁用
mysql55-community/x86_64             MySQL 5.5 Community Server     禁用
mysql55-community-source             MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S 禁用
mysql56-community/x86_64             MySQL 5.6 Community Server     禁用
mysql56-community-source             MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S 禁用
!mysql57-community/x86_64            MySQL 5.7 Community Server     启用:    544
mysql57-community-source             MySQL 5.7 Community Server - S 禁用
mysql80-community/x86_64             MySQL 8.0 Community Server     禁用
mysql80-community-source             MySQL 8.0 Community Server - S 禁用

安装MySQL

yum install mysql-community-server

1.如遇以下报错,可尝试运行yum install mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck安装
Public key for mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
Failing package is: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
2.如遇以下报错,可执行yum module disable mysql后重试安装
All matches were filtered out by modular filtering for argument: mysql-community-serve
Error: Unable to find a match: mysql-community-server

配置MySQL服务

安装好的MySQL配置文件路径是/etc/my.cnf,这里可以根据需要调整,比如可以调整:

  • datadir:MySQL存放数据的路径,如果有额外挂载磁盘,可以考虑指向相关路径

启动MySQL服务

systemctl start mysqld

确认MySQL正常启动

systemctl status mysqld

查看生成 MySQL root用户临时密码:

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

修改root用户密码

连接MySQL服务

$ mysql -uroot -p
# 输出上述查询到的临时密码

修改root用户的密码(下面是改成 Password@2021,这里根据自行需要进行调整):

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Password@2021';

参考文档